What Should You Look for When Buying a Used Guitar?

Buying a used guitar can be a fantastic way to get a high-quality instrument at a more affordable price. However, it's important to know what to look for to ensure you're making a good purchase. Unlike new guitars, used guitars come with their own set of considerations, from wear and tear to potential modifications. This guide will help you navigate the process of buying a used guitar, so you can find the perfect instrument that meets your needs and budget.

1. Check the Guitar's Overall Condition

The first thing you should do when evaluating a used guitar is to assess its overall condition. Start by examining the body, neck, and headstock for any signs of damage, such as cracks, dents, or deep scratches.

What to Look For:

• Body: Look for cracks, dents, and deep scratches.
• Neck and Headstock Joints: Inspect for cracks or separation.
• Finish: Check for excessive wear or signs of poor maintenance.

Minor cosmetic wear is expected, especially on older guitars, but structural damage can affect the guitar's playability and value.

2. Inspect the Neck and Fretboard

The neck is one of the most critical parts of the guitar, and any issues here can make the instrument difficult or even impossible to play.

Steps to Inspect the Neck and Fretboard:

• Check for Warping: Hold the guitar at eye level and look down the length of the neck to see if it is straight. A slight relief (forward bow) is normal, but significant warping is a red flag.
• Examine the Fretboard: Look for deep grooves or divots, especially around the lower frets. Worn frets can cause buzzing and intonation issues.
• Fret Condition: Ensure frets are evenly seated with no sharp edges along the fretboard.

Worn frets can be expensive to replace, so it's important to check their condition thoroughly.

3. Test the Electronics

If you're buying an electric guitar, the electronics are a crucial aspect to inspect. Faulty electronics can be costly to repair, so make sure everything is in good working order.

How to Test the Electronics:

• Pickups: Plug the guitar into an amp and test each pickup. They should produce a clear sound without any crackling or cutting out.
• Knobs and Switches: Rotate the volume and tone knobs and toggle the selector switch to ensure they work smoothly without noise.
• Output Jack: Wiggle the cable while plugged in to check for any loose connections or intermittent signal loss.

4. Evaluate the Hardware

The hardware on a guitar includes the tuners, bridge, saddles, and other metal components. These parts can affect the guitar's intonation and overall playability.

Key Areas to Evaluate:

• Tuners: Ensure they turn smoothly and hold the guitar in tune.
• Bridge and Saddles: Inspect for signs of rust, corrosion, or wear.
• Tremolo System: Check that it operates smoothly and returns to pitch after use.
• Secure Hardware: Make sure all screws and nuts are secure and that nothing feels loose or unstable.

5. Assess the Guitar's Playability

A guitar may look great and have all its parts in working order, but how does it feel to play? The playability of a guitar is subjective, but there are some key factors to consider.

Factors to Consider for Playability:

• Action: Check the height of the strings above the fretboard. If the action is too high, the guitar may be difficult to play. If it's too low, you may experience fret buzz.
• Neck Profile: Ensure the neck feels comfortable in your hand and that you can easily reach all the frets.
• Comfort and Response: Play a few chords and scales up and down the neck to see how the guitar responds. It should feel comfortable and easy to play across all frets.

6. Verify the Guitar's Authenticity

When buying a used guitar, especially a high-end model, it's important to verify its authenticity. There are many counterfeit guitars on the market that are made to look like popular brands.

Steps to Verify Authenticity:

• Serial Number: Check the serial number, usually located on the headstock or inside the soundhole, and verify it with the manufacturer's database.
• Branding Details: Inspect the logo, inlays, and other branding details. Compare these to an authentic model in a store or online to spot any discrepancies.
• Buy from Reputable Sellers: Purchasing from a reputable seller or store can reduce the risk of buying a counterfeit instrument.

7. Consider the Guitar's History and Previous Owners

The history of a used guitar can add to its value or raise red flags. Understanding the guitar's history helps you make an informed decision and ensures that you're getting a quality instrument.

Questions to Ask About the Guitar's History:

• Ownership: How long has the seller owned the guitar? Where was it purchased?
• Repairs and Modifications: Has the guitar undergone any repairs or modifications? If so, were they professionally done?
• Notable Usage: Has the guitar been used in notable performances or owned by a known musician?

A well-documented history is often more desirable, especially if it has been owned by a known musician or used in notable performances.

8. Set a Budget and Stick to It

Before you start shopping for a used guitar, it's important to set a budget. Knowing your budget helps you narrow down your choices and avoid overspending.

Budgeting Tips:

• Include Additional Costs: Remember to set aside some money for setup, repairs, or new strings after purchasing the guitar.
• Focus on Value: A more expensive guitar isn't always better. Focus on finding a guitar that meets your needs, feels comfortable to play, and fits within your budget.
• Compare Prices: Shop around and compare prices from different sellers to ensure you're getting the best deal.

9. Test the Guitar Thoroughly

Once you've found a used guitar that you're interested in, take the time to test it thoroughly. The more time you spend testing the guitar, the more confident you'll be in your decision.

How to Test a Guitar:

• Play for at Least 15-20 Minutes: Try out different techniques and explore the entire fretboard.
• Listen for Issues: Pay attention to any unusual sounds like buzzing, rattling, or intonation issues.
• Test Both Unplugged and Amplified: If it's an electric guitar, test it both unplugged and through an amplifier to get a complete sense of its tone and playability.
• Bring a Friend: If possible, bring along a friend or fellow guitarist for a second opinion.

10. Negotiate the Price

Don't be afraid to negotiate the price when buying a used guitar. Sellers often expect some haggling, and you may be able to get a better deal by pointing out any issues or repairs that the guitar needs.

Negotiation Tips:

• Know the Market Value: Research comparable models and their selling prices to support your negotiation.
• Be Polite but Firm: Make an offer based on the guitar's condition and market value.
• Ask for Extras: If the seller is unwilling to budge on the price, consider asking for extras like a case, strap, or new strings.

Conclusion

Buying a used guitar can be a rewarding experience, but it's important to know what to look for to ensure you're making a smart purchase. By thoroughly inspecting the guitar's condition, testing its playability, verifying its authenticity, and negotiating the price, you can find a great instrument that meets your needs and budget. Remember, a well-chosen used guitar can provide years of enjoyment and become a cherished part of your musical journey.